What are the common faults and solutions of wellhead equipment?

What are the common faults and solutions of wellhead equipment?

Wellhead devices play a crucial role in the process of oil and gas extraction, however, due to the complexity and specificity of their working environment, common malfunctions often occur. The following will provide a detailed introduction to common faults of wellhead equipment and corresponding solutions to ensure the smooth progress of the mining process.
1、 Common faults and solutions
Blockage of wellhead oil storage tank
Reason for malfunction: There are many oil stains and impurities in the oil storage tank, causing blockage of the inlet.
Solution: First, close the inlet valve of the oil storage tank, and then clean the oil and impurities inside the tank. Professional cleaning tools or chemical cleaning agents can be used to ensure that the interior of the oil storage tank is clean and unobstructed.
Malfunction of wellhead water injection equipment
Reason for malfunction: Valve closure, pipeline blockage, and other issues in the water injection equipment.
Solution: Check the working status of the water injection equipment to see if there are any valve closures or pipeline blockages. If there are any problems, promptly repair or replace the faulty components to ensure the normal operation of the water injection equipment.
Wellhead oil pipe burst
Reason for malfunction: The oil pipe has aged and corroded due to prolonged use.

Solution: Stop production immediately and cut off the connection between the oil well and the wellhead when the oil pipe bursts. Then replace the oil pipe with a new one to ensure its quality and safety.
Abnormal gas phase liquid level at the wellhead
Reason for malfunction: blockage of oil pipe, failure of water seal, etc.
Solution: First, check if there is any blockage in the oil pipe, and if necessary, clean the blockage. Simultaneously check the working status of the water seal, and repair or replace it if it fails.
Gas leakage at the wellhead
Reason for malfunction: Poor valve sealing, loose pipeline connections, etc.
Solution: Find the leakage point and use a blocking agent for temporary repair. Then replace the leaking components to ensure the sealing of the wellhead equipment.
Wellhead motor malfunction
Reason for malfunction: Abnormal power supply to the motor, open or short circuit in the circuit, etc.
Solution: Check the power supply of the motor and repair the circuit in a timely manner if there are any problems. If the motor itself malfunctions, it is necessary to consider replacing or repairing the motor.
Leakage of wellhead valve
Reason for malfunction: Loose valve bolts, damaged sealing gasket ring, etc.
Solution: For valves with loose bolts, tighten the nuts symmetrically to ensure a tight connection between the valve and the valve cover. If the sealing gasket ring is damaged, a new sealing gasket ring needs to be replaced.
Abnormal wellhead pressure
Reason for malfunction: pressure sensor malfunction, pressure control system failure, etc.
Solution: Check the working status of the wellhead pressure sensor and repair or replace it promptly if there are any problems. Simultaneously check the working condition of the pressure control system and make adjustments and repairs.
2、 Summary
There are various common faults in wellhead equipment, but most of them are related to equipment maintenance, operation, and management. To ensure the normal operation of the wellhead equipment, the following measures need to be taken:
Strengthen the daily inspection and maintenance of equipment, and promptly identify and address potential issues.
Improve the skill level of operators to ensure the correct use and maintenance of equipment.
Establish a sound equipment management system and standardize the installation, use, and maintenance processes of equipment.
By implementing the above measures, the failure rate of wellhead equipment can be effectively reduced, and the efficiency and safety of the mining process can be improved.